Martinotti Cell

A neurons cell type of the human nervous system.

Somatostatin cortical interneuron that sends axons toward layer I to inhibit pyramidal-cell apical dendrites.

Function

Somatostatin-positive dendrite-targeting interneurons that provide feedback (frequency-dependent disynaptic) inhibition and regulate pyramidal-cell dendritic integration.

Morphology

Multipolar; characteristic ascending axon that ramifies in layer I

Specification

  • Neurotransmitter: GABA
  • Co-transmitters: Somatostatin (SST); NPY in some subsets
  • Receptors: Nicotinic (cholinergic); AMPA
  • Location: Cerebral cortex, deep layers (esp. layer V; also L2/3)
  • Projections: Ascending axon to apical tufts of pyramidal cells in layer I
  • Firing: Regular-spiking / low-threshold spiking; some bursting
  • Markers: SST; GAD1/GAD2; SLC32A1/VGAT; NPY (some); RELN or NOS1 (subsets)
  • Developmental origin: Medial ganglionic eminence
  • Disease: Epilepsy; Alzheimer's disease
  • Cell Ontology: CL:4023017

References

  1. Silberberg G & Markram H (2007). Disynaptic inhibition between neocortical pyramidal cells mediated by Martinotti cells.. Neuron 53 PMID 17329212
  2. Berger TK, Silberberg G, Perin R, & Markram H (2010). Brief bursts self-inhibit and correlate the pyramidal network.. PLoS biology 8 PMID 20838653
  3. Tremblay R, Lee S, & Rudy B (2016). GABAergic Interneurons in the Neocortex: From Cellular Properties to Circuits.. Neuron 91: 260–292 PMID 27477017

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