Cajal-Retzius Cell

A neurons cell type of the human nervous system.

Transient developmental cortical neuron that secretes Reelin and helps organize cortical lamination.

Function

Transient Reelin-secreting developmental neurons that organize cortical lamination and neuronal migration during corticogenesis.

Morphology

Horizontal; also pyriform/triangular, bipolar or multipolar (heterogeneous)

Specification

  • Neurotransmitter: Glutamate
  • Receptors: GABA-A (depolarizing in development)
  • Location: Marginal zone (Layer I) of developing cortex
  • Projections: Local; axons within Layer I; signal to migrating neurons and radial glia
  • Firing: Immature spiking
  • Markers: Reelin (RELN); Calretinin (CALB2); TP73/p73; Tbr1; calbindin in subsets
  • Developmental origin: Multiple extracortical sources: cortical hem, septum, ventral pallium / pallial-subpallial boundary, thalamic eminence (migrate tangentially in marginal zone)
  • Disease: RELN-related cortical malformations / lissencephaly; autism (neurodevelopmental association, not cell-type-specific causation).
  • Cell Ontology: CL:0000695

References

  1. Martínez-Cerdeño V & Noctor SC (2014). Cajal, Retzius, and Cajal-Retzius cells.. Frontiers in neuroanatomy 8 PMID 24987337
  2. Causeret F, Moreau MX, Pierani A, & Blanquie O (2021). The multiple facets of Cajal-Retzius neurons.. Development (Cambridge, England) 148 PMID 34047341
  3. Lambert de Rouvroit C & Goffinet AM (2001). Neuronal migration.. Mechanisms of development 105 PMID 11429281

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